Packaging apparatus



10 Sheets-Sheet 1 J. B. RODMAN PACKAGING APPARATUS May 18, 1965 Filed Aug. 26, 1960 May 18, 1965 .1.5. RoDMAN PACKAGING APPARATUS 10 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 26. 1960 N/ mov lNvENToR JAMES B. RODMAN TTORNEY May 18, 1965 J. B. RODMAN 3,183,639

PACKAGING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 26. 1960 10 Sheets-Sheet 3 'f/ s; rr

INVENTOR.

JAMES B. RODMAN A TORNEY May 18, 1965 J. s. RoDMAN PACKAGING APPARATUS 10 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Aug. 26, 1960 www mmm mmm mmm ATTORNEY PACKAGING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 26, 1960 l0 Sheets-Sheet 5 mTnnT-mmu, 2ghz 294 327 IN V EN TOR.

JAMES B. RODMAN Ey- BY ATTORNEY May 18, 1965 .1.5. RoDMAN 3,183,639

PACKAGING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 26. 1960 10 Sheets-ShedI 6 e Q 256 Q- 255 Q Q /268 i. Q I0 i,

Q 28a Q Q a Q 278 Q QD Q Q Q 28s qb 'Y r"'\ Q 0 273 INVENToR.

Q JAMES B. RoDMAN BY *is ATTORNEY J. B. RODMAN PACKAGING APPARATUS May 1s, v1965 10 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed Aug. 26, 1960 ATTORNEY J. B. RODMAN PACKAGING APPARATUS May 18, 1965 Filed Aug. 26, 1960 N l0 Sheets-Sheet 8 INVENTOR. JAMES B. RODMAN Anwm Own

ATTORNEY May 18, 1965 .1. B. RoDMAN 3,183,639

PACKAGING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 26, 1960 10 Sheets-Sheet INVENTOR. JAMES B. RODMAN ATTORNEY May 18, 1965 J. B. RODMAN 3,183,639

PACKAGING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 26, 1960 lo-sheets-Sheet 10 AVL A INVENToR. JAMES B. RooMAN ATTORNEY United States Patent O corporation Filed Aug. 26, 1960, Ser. No. 52,287 23 Claims. (Cl. 53-75) This invention relates to novel packaging apparatus and to a novel method of packaging. The invention more particularly relates to the packaging of large heavy objects of which was-hing machines, dryers, and stoves are representative.

The invention has among its objects the provision of an improved apparatus for and method of packaging articles, particularly articles which are large and heavy.

Another object of the .invention is the provision of packaging apparatus of the type indicated wherein the elements of the apparatus which cooperate with the upper end of the carton are automatically adjusted in accordance with the hei-ght of the carton, whereby the apparatus may rapidly and eiiiciently sequentially operate upon cartons of different heights.

Still a further object of the invention lies in the provision of improved mechanism for applying glue to the sheet material such as the aps of a container which are to be adhered together.

Another object of the invention lies in the provision of improved glue applicator mechanism which automatically covers with glue a predetermined area of eac-h size of such iiaps.

Yet another object of the invention lies in the provision of improved top presser mechanism 4for pressing the gluecoated flaps together as the fully closed cartons travel thereunder.

A still further object of the invention lies .in the provision of improved driving and controlling means for a ycarriage-bearing carton processing means cooperating with the upper flaps thereof, whereby the carriage is rapidly 'and accurately adjusted to the height required by the particular carton being processed.

yThe above and further objects and novel features of the invention will more fully appear from the following detailed description when the same is read in connection with the accompanying drawings. It is to be expressly understood, however, that the drawings are for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended as a definition of the limits of the inven-tion.

In the drawings, where-in like reference characters refer to like parts throughout the several views,

FIG. l is a View in perspective of a carton in the condition which it has after having been telescoped at the preliminary folding section over the article to be packaged;

FIG. 2a is a fragmentary -view in side elevation of the entering portion of the illustrative embodiment of packaging apparatus-made in accordance with the invention;

FIG. 2b is a fragmentary view in side elevation of a portion of the packaging apparatus of the illustrative embodiment adjacent the exit end thereof, FIGS. 2a and 2b together depicting the complete apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a view in plan of the entering end of the apparatus shown in FIG. 2a and a portion of the apparatus shown in FIG. 2b;

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary view in vertical section through a portion of the packaging apparatus at the top flap pressing zone of the apparatus, the section being taken generally along the line 4 4 of FIG. 2b;

FIG. 5 is a view in vert-ical transverse section through a presser member employed in the upper flap pressing zone of the apparatus, the section being taken along the line 5--5 of FIG. 4;

ICC

IFIG. 6 is a fragmentary view in axial section through the 4presser member of FIG. 5, the section being .taken along the line 6-6 of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a fragmentary view in plan of the means for erecting and truing `a closed carton as it progresses through the top iiap pressing zone, the view being taken from the point of View of line 7 7 of FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a View in end elevation of a glue applicator employed in the apparatus of the invention of the mechanism for applying the applicator to a carton iiap;

FIG. 9 is `a view partially in vertical section and partially in side elevation through the glue applicator of FIG. 8, the flap-backing pressure roll employed with the applicator being shown 4fragmentarily in end elevation;

FIG. l0 is a view in horizontal section through the'glue applicator and its operating mechanism, the section being taken along the line lil-10 of FIG. 8;

FIG. ll is an enlarged View in vertical section through one of the glue-dispensing nozzle and valve means of the glue applicator of FIGS. 8', 9, and lO;

FIG. l2 is a schematic line diagram of the air and glue lines for the illustrative embodiment ofv pack-aging apparatus; and

FIGS. 13a and 13b, when placed side by side in that order with the dot and dash lines thereof in alignment constit-ute a wiring diagram for the -intermediate portion of the apparatus. These figures, when so placed, also indicate the positions in the apparatus of the various limit switches which cooperate with a package in its travel longitudinally of such apparatus.

It is becoming an increasingly common practice to ship large heavy objects such as washing machines andl stoves in paperboard cartons rather than in wo-oden crates. There are a number of reasons for such changes, among them bein-g economy of packaging, the saving of weight and space, and the completeness of coverage and protection of the article. The use of paperboard cartons in the packaging of articles of the type indicated introduces various problems into the packaging operation, particularly when -it is desired continuously -to support the article from below while folding the ibottom iiaps of the container upwardly beneath the article. For `such preliminary operation, there may be employed, for example, apparatus such as that disclosed in the Webster Brumbaugh United States Patent No. 3,077,062 entitled Packaging Apparatus and Method which issued February 12, 1963.

There are' other problems which are particularly encountered in plants which produce articles of different sizes and shapes, such articles being delivered to .the packaging department in intermixed condition. The apparatus of the invention, in preferred embodiments thereof, further provides apparatus wherein the upper flap folding, glu-ing, and pressing elements are mounted for vertical adjustment, whereby to cooperate with cartons having different heights extending throughout an appreoiable range. In preferred embodiments ofthe apparatus, such elements are automatically adjusted by a carton height-sensing means, so that the apparatus automatically `adapts itself to the processing of cartons of different heights within its operative range.

Before describing the apparatus o-f the invention, first generally, and then in detail, it will be well to describe aV carton such as that processed by the apparatus, and typical articles to be packaged therein. In FIG. 1 there is shown a paperboard carton 10 in open, unfilled condition, in much the same condition which it has after it has been first applied to the article. A typical article to be packaged, fragmentarily shown in FIG. 2a, is generally designated 1l. Such article 11 may have a somewhat smaller' length and height than another container IZ (FIG. 2b) employed for aY somewhat larger article processed by the same packaging apparatus. The apparatus of the invention is designed to -process containers having dimensions lying within appreciable ranges of length, height, and width.

The articles tov be packaged in accordance with the invention, that is, articles such as that shown at 11, are provided with skids 15 integrally attached to the base of the article and travelling therewith until it reaches its ultimate destination. The article topbe packaged, mounted upon its skid, is supported from below in such manner that the open bottomed container 10, in the condition shown in FIG. 1, may be telescoped thereover. Following this, the trailing bottom flap 17 of carton 10 is first folded up into horizontalposition beneath the skid 15 of the article, and the leading bottomliap r16 is then folded up into horizontal position beneath the article. These operations may be performed, for example, by the apparatus which is thersubject of the abovementioned Brumbaugh application. The.A apparatus of the present invention folds the trailing and leading upper flaps 22 and 21, respectively, inwardly into horizontal position over the article, applies glue or other suitable adhesive to the outer, lower, and upper side flaps 19 and 24, respectively, and the inner, lower, and upper side flaps 20 and 25, respectively, and then folds such coatedside flaps over the ends of the carton and presses them against each other in sealing relationship.

In FIG. 2a there is shown a fragment of the leading and trailing bottom flap-folding apparatus which is the subject of the Brumbaugh application. Such apparatus is generally designated by the character 26.. After leaving such apparatus 26, the carton, having the article disposed therewithin, travels sequentially to sections or stations 29, 30, 31, 32, and 34. At section 29 the upper sidev flaps of the carton are erected. At section 30 the height of the carto-n is sensed by suitable mechanism.

Such mechanism controls means for adjusting the verti-V cal position of the elements of the apparatus which (l) at station 31 cooperate with the upper aps of the carton to fold theleading and trailing upper end flaps of the carton, (2) at station 32 apply glue to the confronting ,surfaces of the upper side flaps which are to be the inner surfaces thereof, and (3) thereafter, at station 34, fold the upper` side flaps downwardly into horizontal position. At such latter two stations, corresponding means are provided for treating the bottom side aps of the carton,

rst to apply glue to the confronting surfaces thereof, and then to fold such bottom side flaps upwardly into horizontal position beneath the article.

Upon leaving the stations for thus folding the upper and lower side flaps of the carton, the carton enters a station, generally designated 35, wherein it is erected or trued at a substation 36, and the upper flaps are repeatedly subjected to presser elements, both during the truing ,of the carton and thereafter, whereby the upper flaps are firmly adhered to each other. The thus finally closed cartons are then delivered in sequence to the exit end of 1 the apparatus.

The preliminary, trailing and leading bottom flap-fold- ,ing apparatus 26 may, if desired, be positioned remote from the` rst and second sections or units of the apparatus of the present invention, being then spaced there- Vfrom by one or more conveyors of very substantial length.

In the illustrative apparatus, however, the apparatus 26 is'located immediately adjacent the first section, being spaced therefrom by a short conveyor 27 having suliicient length to support one ortwoof the largest containers or cartons which the apparatus iscalled upon to process.

The apparatus of section-26 has two parallelV chains 46 making up a conveyor 45.- Conveyor 45 is selectively driven by' a motor 62 through a speed reducer 64. A retractable stop 87 retains the article 11 and its carton from movement when they conveyor 45 is functioning to fold the lower trailing flap upwardly beneath the article.` Following this, the stopis retracted to rallow the article and its carton to move forwardly to fold thelower leading flap upwardly beneath the article.

In the latter part of the forward travel of the packaged article on conveyor 45, in the apparatus shown, the forward edge of the carton 10 contacts the operating arm of a switch 400 in the circuit of a motorllwhich drives o-ne or more terminal rolls 114 of section 26 and the rolls 115 of an aligned further conveyor 27. As shown in FIG. 2a, motor 116 isconnected to a vspeed-reducing mechanism 113. The speed-reducing mechanismr113 is Y connected to a still further speed-reducing mechanism 121 by means of a speed varying Roto Cone device having pulleys of selectively variable effective diameter ratio connected by a belt 120. The ratio of the speeds of rotation of such pulleys may .be variedby adjusting the Vlongitudinal position of motor 116 and its pulley by a motor-adjusting screw 118 as shown..

The output shaft of speed-reducing mechanism 121 is connected` by suitable sprocket and chain means to the conveyor rolls 114 and 115. The various conveyor rolls of each set are connected .to be driven in synchronism by. chain and sprocket means (not shown). As will appear hereinafter, the article andY its encasing carton, which is now forwarded by power into and through the first unit of the apparatus, itself determines the sequencing of subsequent operations thereon and determines the height to whichthe elements operating upon the upper flaps of the carton are adjusted.

The first unit of the apparatus of the present invention, which includes the right hand three-quarters of FIG. 2a and the left hand end portion' of FIG. 2b,.has a base frame portion generally designated 122 which is made up :of suitable longitudinal and cross-frame members connected to and supported by longitudinally spaced subcolumns 124. Such sub-columns124, as apparent in FIG. 3, are arranged in pairs, Athe respective members of which are disposed on oppositer sides of the apparatus. Rising above and connected to sub-columns 12d are rear columns `125, intermediate columns 126, and front columns 127. The upper ends of columns 125, 126, and

127 are connected along each side of the apparatus by an upper longitudinal frame member 130. The lower ends of the sub-columns are connected byy longitudinally extending members 129. The upper longitudinal members 130 are connected by cross-frame members 131.

The forward end yof driven roller conveyor 27 extends into the second unit for an appreciable extent, the forward end of frame members 133 of conveyor 27 being supported upon a cross member (not shown) extending between and supported by the rear sub-.columns 124. The iirst unit includes a further, opposed chain type conveyor which longitudinally overlaps to an appreciable extent the conveyor 27, so that the chain type conveyor receives packaged products delivered thereto from the lroller type conveyor 27. The chain type conveyor has opposed lugs 137 moving in synchronism to engagethe rear edge of the packaged article. After the article has been thus engaged by the lugs, it is moved off the rear portion of the roller conveyor -27 onto a further conveyor having a bottom central skid 155 and side guiding rollers 159, as shown.

The ltwo sides of the chain type conveyor are identical. Each side has a rear vertical idle sprocket shaft 132 which is journalled in a supporting bracket 134 extending from the rear of the frame of the first unit. The shaft 132 mounts two vertically spaced rear sprockets 135. Parallel chains 136 are entrained about the respective sprockets 135, the chains mounting between them one or more (two shown) transverse carton-propelling arms 139 which are provided with angularly rearwardly extending `braces 140. The forward ends of chains 136 are entrained about vertically spaced driving sprockets 141 which are mounted upon a vertical shaft 142 journalled in a forwardly extending supporting bracket 14d connected to the frame.- Shaft 142 is drivingly connected by a flexible coupling 145 to the vertical output shaft of a gear-reducer 146. The gear-reducers 146 for the respective chain pairs 136 are connected in transverse alignment whereby they are driven by a common transverse drive shaft 147. An electric motor 149 provided with change speed mechanism of the Roto Cone type is drivingly connected to shaft 147, as shown. A plugging switch 153 is driven in synchronism with motor 149, as shown in FIG. 13b. Such switch 153 restores the circuit for motor 149 to condition to be started again after having been automatically opened. The speed ratio between the output shaft of the motor 149 and shaft 147 is adjusted by changing the longitudinal position of the motor by a screw means such as shown at 151. Conveyor chains 136 are suitably adjusted as to tension by screw type adjusting means 152 which move the shafts 132 forwardly or rearwardly, as required. Motor 149, driving conveyor chains 136, is started by the tripping of switch 401 by the packaged article as it travels along conveyor 27, as will be more particularly described in connection with FIGS. 13a and 13b.

The packaged article, now propelled by arms 139 of the opposed chains 136, is at first supported at the exit end of roller conveyor 27 upon the above mounted idle rolls 154 and later upon a longitudinally center skid member 155, the width of which progressively decreases in a forward direction as shown in FIG. 3. In order to center the packaged article and to hold it upright, particularly when it is supported upon skid member 155, there are provided opposed laterally adjustable side guiding members 'or rails 156. The entering ends of guide rails 156 are curved or flared, as shown, whereby to lead the packaged article within the guide rails and to center it therebetween. Guide rails 156 support a plurality of closely longitudinally spaced guide rolls 159 journalled thereon on vertical axes. Each of guide rails 156 is mounted for adjustment parallel to its end toward and away from the longitudinal central line of the apparatus. The mounting means for each rail 156 comprises a rear vertical rock shaft 160, an intermediate vertical rock shaft 161, and a forward vertical rock shaft 162. Rails 156 are connected to the rock shafts through the medium of crank arms 164, 166, and 167, the outer ends -of the crank arms being connected to the rails by brackets, of which the rear one is designated 165. The rock shafts on the two sides of the apparatus may be'connected together by means of crank arms on the bottom ends thereof and cross links between the crank arms on opposite sides of the apparatus whereby the two rails 156 simultaneously move equal distances in opposite directions, so as to maintain the packaged article in centered position as it travels through the second section. This can be done automatically by a carton width sensing mechanism, similar to the carton height scanning mechanism shown at 30, that controls the adjustment of the rails.

The article propelling arms 139 of the chain type conveyor are of sutlicient transverse length to extend appreciably inwardly beyond the guiding rollers 159 on rails 156 in the most inwardly adjusted position of the latter. Consequently, it is not necessary, in the embodiment of the apparatus shown, to provide for the lateral adjustment of the chains of the chain type conveyor toward and away from each other in order to accommodate cartons having an appreciable range of widths. Before continuing with the further description of the construction and method of operation of the rst section of the apparatus, it will be well to describe the position of the various flaps at both the top and bottom of the carton after the carton and its contained article have left the preliminary folding section 26.

Position of the flaps 0n a filled carton entering the apparatus of the invention Before the carton and its contained article have' left the preliminary folding station 26, the trailing and leading inner ilaps 16 and 17, respectively, will have been folded horizontally beneath the article. The bottom side flaps 19 and 20 are spread laterally outwardly, as shown in FIG. l, and the upper flaps preferably rinitially occupy the down-folded positions shown in FIG. 1. During travel of the carton and article from section 26 onto the rear end of conveyor 27, the operator manually erects the forward and trailing upper aps 21 and 22 into a somewhat inwardly inclined position, past the vertical as shown in dotted lines in connection with the carton which is shown in FIG. 2a passing through the first zone 29 of the first section.

The carton scanning mechanism At station 29 the first section of the apparatus of the invention is provided on each side thereof with generally parallel plate-like structures which are supported, as shown, upon the respective rear columns 125. At the rear end of each such plate-like structures there is provided a plow 171, of conventional structure, which has a rearwardly tapering body and a nose portion designed to enter beneath the leading edge of the respective upper side flap 24, 25 and raise such flaps until they occupy'the vertical position on each side of the flaps 21, 22 as they pass between the opposed parallel vertical plates Each of plates 170 is provided with a vertical slot 174 of appreciable length. Along the rear edge of slot 174 there is provided a vertical rod support 175 which is mounted upon the bracket 172 on column 125. Upon one of rods 175 there is mounted one or more (two shown) vertically adjustable light sources 176 which direct collimated beams of light transversely of the 'apparatus toward the slot in the other plate 170. Upon the rod 175 Iof said other plate is mounted an equal number (two shown) of vertically adjustable photoelectric cells 177, 178 which may be placed in alignment with the respective light sources 176. The photoelectric cells 177, 178 function, in' a manner particularly to bel described hereinafter, to scan the height of the erected side flaps of the particular carton travelling therepast. Such cells act with vertically disposed limit switches, to be described, to adjust a vertically adjustable carriage, generally designated 180, within'v the first section of the apparatus wherebythe glue applicator, flap folding mechanisms, and ap hold-down skid are correctly vertically positioned for the particular carton being processed.

The vertically adjustable, upper flap-treating, carriage Carriage 180 includes two laterally spaced longitudinal members 181 connected by rear cross members 182, intermediate cross-member 184, and forward cross-member 185. The thus formed frames `of the carriage are provided with a rear-cross shaft 189 and a forward crossshaft 190, such shafts having pi-nions 191 and 192 thereon, respectively. Pinions 191 mesh with stationary vertical rack gears 195 on columns 126, andpinions 192 mesh with vertical stationary rack gears 201 on vertical columns 127. Shafts 189 and 19t) are maintained in synchronism by a longitudinally extending chain 209 which extends between them and is entrained over sprockets 206 and 237 on shafts 189 and 196, respectively. The thusV described cross-shafts, pinions, and rack gears maintain the two opposite rear corners, a-nd the two opposite forward corners, of the carriage at the same level as the carriage is adjusted vertically.

The carriage 18) is vertically adjusted as required by two uid motors 196 and 202, disposed vertically centrally of the carriage at opposite ends thereof. The carriage is held stably in vertically adjusted position by means of two further uid motors 210 and 211, likewise disposed centrally of the carriage adjacent the ends thereof. As shown in FIGS. 2a, 2b, and 3, vertical uid motors 196 and 210 at the rear of the apparatus are supported on a horizontal platform 197 alxed to cross members 199. Motors 202 and 211 are supported on a horizontal platform 204 which is aixed to frame crossmem`oers 205.

tensions are coupled to the piston rods of fuid motors 196 and 202. The motors, connected to a source ofuid Ypressure through suitable reversing valves to be described,

selectively drive the carriage downwardly or upwardly as desired. 1 f

Carriage 180 is, as was above noted,` held in adjusted position by the rear 'and forward uid motors 210 and of such Huid motors toithe fluid 211. The piston rod 212 of motor 210 has an elongated screw 214 thereon which is adjustably threadedly engaged with a nut disposed on the longitudinal center line ofthe carriage 180 at the rear end thereof. Motor 211 is similarly connected to the forward `end of carriage 180, thev piston rod 215 having an elongated screw 216 connected to the lower end thereof, such screw being received in a nut disposed on the longitudinal center line of the carriage at the forward end thereof. vAs will be more clearly apparent upon discussion of the control circuits for the apparatus, motors 210 and 211 function to hold carriage 180 securely in the required vertical position after it has been moved kto such position by motors 196 and 202.

The apparatus is provided with lower side ap folding means 218, positioned asshown in FIGS. Za and 3,

whereby the bottom side flaps 19 and 20 of the carton 4are folded down from the horizontal position, shown in FIG. l, which they occupy when the carton emerges from the preliminary folding section 26, into a vertical position, indicated in FIG. 2a. While in such `vertical position, the inner surfaces of aps 19 and 20 are coated with glue at the gluing station 32, to be described'hereinafter.

The first unit of the apparatus of the invention includes, at zone 31, means for foldingthe upper leading iiap 21 and the upper trailing ap 22 downwardly into horizontal position. It will be assumed that the carriage 18u has been adjusted vertically to the correct position for the carton 10 then entering the rst section. As the carton moves forwardly, its forward upper edge enters under the forwardly and downwardly inclined entering end 229 of a central hold-down guide 230, the main extent which extends longitudinally centrally above the carton. The

portions 229 and 230 of the hold-down function, respectively, to fold ap 21 downwardly to a horizontal position and to maintain :it-in such position during the forward travel of the carton.

The apparatus includes a further means for the folding downwardly of the trailing upper ap 22. Such mechanism includes a short centrally positioned horizontal shaft 219 journalled in a rearwardly projecting extension 217 on the frame of carriage 180. An arm 220 projects radially yfrom shaft 219, such'shaft carrying at its rear frame end an arcuately downwardly extending portion 221. Piortion 221 carries a relatively short cross flap-engaging bar 222 on the lower end thereof. On a vertical support 224` lying generally above structure 217 there is a vertically disposed reciprocable air motor 225. The lower end of the piston rod of air motor 225 carries a vertically depending rack gear 226 which meshes with a pinion 227` motor 225 upwardly when the carton 10 has reached the correct position of travel so that bar 222 folds flap 22 horizontally downwardly. A relativelysmall furtherforward travel of carton 1l) actuates a switch 430 (FIGS. v13a and 13b) whereby to lower the piston of motor 225 to restore bar 22 and its operating means `to the positionV of FIG. 2a, By this time, the leading edge of ap 22 will have traveled well past the rear edge of the entering end 229 of the holddown guide, so that both aps 21 and 22 arermly held downwardly in a horizontal position bythe main portion 230 of the hold-down guide. i

Glue applicators At station 32 of the apparatus there are located upper Yand lower glue applicators whereby to coat'predetermined stood that the glue applicators on the respective sides of the machine face in oppositedirectio'ns, wherebyto coat the laterally oppositelyfacing surfaces of the upperside Vaps 24 and 25 and the lower side aps 19 and 20. The

upper and lower glue applicators on the respective sides of the apparatus are preferably'mounted in alignment, as shown, and are mounted on supports which are connected by appropriate linkage so .that the upper and lower glue applicators on the respective sides of the machineremain `in vertical alignment Lwith each other while the applicators on the two opposite sides 0f the machine are moved inwardly and outwardly equal amounts, as required, from the longitudinal centerline of the apparatus.

Each of the glue applicatorsrshown, which will be described more particularly in connection with FIGS. 8-11, inclusive, has a glue applicator body and a confronting parallel ap guiding and spacing means which, Vin the embodiment shown, is a vertically disposed guide roll, the roll for the upper applicator being designed 237 and the roll for the lower applicators being designed 239;

The upper and lower glue applicators at each side of the apparatus-are supported upon and adjusted by two longitudinally extending horizontal plate members Supported by spacedvertical rock shafts 246 and 241.l 'The supports for the upper glue applicators, designated 242, are in each instance, supported from their respective rock shafts 240 and 241 by crank arms 2414 extending from the rock shafts and pivotally connected to the respective supports 242 by pivot pins, yas shown. The lower glueapplicator 236 is supported in generally the same manner, there being a horizontally disposed supporting plate 245, to which the lower applicator is secured, which is supported upon rock shafts240 and 241 through the medium of the crank arms 246 which are pivotally connected to the supporting plate 245. The rock shafts 240 and 24'1 on the respective sides ofthe apparatus are connected together to rotate synchronously in opposite directions as required to accommodate cartons of different widths, by crank arms and a connecting cross link'(not shown) extending across the machine at thebottom thereof.

In the embodiment of apparatus shown, elements of the apparatusin the first unit thereof which cooperate with the upper andV lower side flaps of thev carton, and which center the carton per se, such as the bottom retaining guide, the bottom folding guides 234, the opposed vside guides 156, the glue applicators, and the subsequent side ap folding means 232 and 234, to .be described, are under the manual control of the operator who adjusts them as required in accordancewith the width of the carton to be treated. It is to be understood that, Within the scope offthe present invention,V such side ap treating elements may be made to be laterally adjusted automatically by carton width sensing mechanism controlling power operated lateral adjusting means. A suitable carton width sensingY means may be, for example, a photoelectric scanning means such'as that shown at 30, and above described, for sensing the `height of the carton to be treated.

In FIGS. 8-11, inclusive, there is shown in detail the construction of an upper glue applicator 235. The lower glue applicators have substantially the same construction. Applicator 235 has a vertically disposed elongated body 247 which is adjustably mounted upon and depends from the above-described laterally adjustable plate 242. Body 247 has a forward cover plate 252, plate 252 having a plurality of vertically spaced horizontally extending transverse frusto-conical passages 250 therethrough, passages 250 being centrally vertically disposed in a row and cornmunicating with the longitudinal passage 239. The outer end 251 of each transverse passage 25) is somewhat smaller in diameter than the rear end. A horizontally reciprocable valve body 255, having a round ended forward frusto-conical nose portion 256 complementary to passage 250, is constantly urged into its outer, passage-clos ing position by a coil compression spring 257 which at its rear end is telescoped over a spring-holding pin 259 in body 247. The forward end of pin 259 slidingly extends within an axial bore 253 in valve body 255, whereby the valve body is accurately maintained in alignment with the valve seat forming passage 250.

The flap-guiding and backing roll 237 is journalled to turn about a vertical axis in a bracket 258 secured to supporting plate 242 so as to confront the aligned vertical glue-dispensing orifices in body 247. Roll 237 is adjusted laterally by adjusment of plate 242 so that the respective side iiap of the carton 1t) engages the roll tangentially as the ap passes by the roll. The rounded nose portion 256 of valve body 255 extends outwardly somewhat from cover plate 252, when the valve is closed, a distance which is at least slightly less than the thickness of the flap. Thus each of the orifices is closed and dispenses no glue when there is no sheet of material such as ap 17 travelling between such orifice on the applicator body 247 and the roll 237 To insure sealing of passages 258* by valve bodies 255, the nose portion of each valve body is provided with two O rings 263 disposed in grooves therein, as shown. When, however, applicator 235 is advanced to the position of FIG. 10, a flap 17 entering between the applicator and the roll actuates those valves which it confronts, whereby to cover the outer free edge of the ap with glue. The end valves, in this case the three upper ones shown in FIG. 9, which lie above the upper edge of flap 17, remain closed. It will thus be seen that the applicator of the invention acts automatically to sense the transverse extent of the flap to be coated and restricts the dispensing of glue to such transverse extent. The passage 239 of applicator body 247 is supplied with liquid glue under pressure through an L-shaped fitting 261 secured to the upper end of the bore, there being a glue-conducting flexible conduit 262 connected to fitting 261, as shown. Conduit 262 is connected to a suitable source of liquid glue under pressure, designated generally by the reference characters 372, 374 in FIG. 12. The glue applicators are automatically moved away from the respective backing rolls when there is no carton approaching or passing through the glue applicator zone, and are moved into the position shown in FIG. l immediately in advance of the passage of a carton ap between the glue applicator and the backing roll. The manner of support of each of the glue applicators to permit such movement is shown in FIGS. 8 and 10.

As there shown, a vertical rod 263 is lixedly secured to supporting plate 242; rod 268 has an enlarged bottom end 273. Fixedly secured to rod 268 intermediate the length thereof is a sleeve 278 from which extend integral upper and lower L-shaped arms 283. Above and below sleeve 278 are hub members 288 which are free to rotate with respect to the rod. Parallel upper and lower arms 293 integrally attached to hub members 238 are attached at their outer ends to the body of applicator 235. Upper and lower toggle links 298, 303 are connected at their inner ends and are pivoted at their outer ends to arms 283 and arms 293. The parts are so proportioned and l@ adjusted that the links 298 and 303 are disposed in a straight line when the glue applicator is in the operative position of FIG. 10.

A reciprocable fluid motor 377 is aiiixed to a lateral extension of sleeve 278. The piston rod 313 of motor 377 is attached at its outer end to a fitting 313 which is pivotally secured to the inner ends of links 298, 363. It will be apparent that when air under pressure is admitted to the left hand end of motor 377 (FIG. l0) piston rod 313 will be retracted and toggle 298, 303 collapsed to swing the glue applicator clockwise and thus away from its roll 237. When air under pressure is admitted to the right hand end of motor 377, the toggle will be straightened toward the position of FIG. 10, thereby swinging the glue applicator into its operative position. A suitable stop, not shown, is provided to position the applicator accurately in the position of FIG. l0. A motor 377 is actuated in timed sequence to the passage of a carton through the apparatus by control mechanism to be more fully discussed in connection with FIGS. 12 and 13.

Operation of the first unit of the apparatus The forward progress of the carton 1t) through the apparatus from the position thereof shown in FIG. 2a at the scanning station will now be described. The abovedescribed ilap hold-down 229, 230 and the upper trailing flap folder 222 will have folded upper ilaps 21 and 22 downwardly upon the article in the carton. The upper side aps 24 and 25 will, of course, have been erected to the vertical parallel position shown. Bottom side flaps 19' and 2@ will have been folded vertically downwardly to depend from the respective main side panels to which they are attached.

Forward motion of the carton through the glue applying stations 32 thus coats a desired predetermined area of the confronting faces of the side aps with glue. Upon emerging from the gluing station, the carton continues its forward travel to a side flap-folding station, generally designated 34, located near the forward end of the irst unit of the apparatus. As shown in FIG. 2a and FIG. 3, there are two opposed upper side flap-folding guides 232 and two opposed lower side flap-holding guides 234 at station 34. The side flap-folding guides on the respective sides of the apparatus are supported upon and adjusted by sets of parallel vertical rock shafts which carry crank arms thereon. The inner ends of the crank arms are pivotally connected to the folding guides, as shown, whereby the guides may be laterally adjusted as required in the successive processing of cartons of different widths. The upper folding guides 232 engage and fold the opposed side upper flaps 24 and 25 from the vertical downwardly to be adhered to the upper surfaces of the now horizontal inner aps 21, 22. The lower flap-folding guides 234 engage the laterally outer sides of bottom side llaps 19 and 20 and fold them up horizontally under the previously folded inner aps 16, 17 so as to adhere to the latter. During the initial engagement of the bottom folding guides 234 with their respective flaps, the weight of the carton and its contents is borne by the central skid member 155. Skid member 155 terminates at its forward end in such location relative to the bottom folding guides 234 and to the initial roller 269 of a subsequent idle roll conveyor at the exit end of the machine that the side flaps are folded upwardly simultaneously with the transfer of the carton from skid 155 to the subsequent roller conveyor.

Air circuit, FIG. 12

The air circuit and the elements connected thereby are shown in FIG. l2. Such circuit has a main air supply line 360 which is connected to a source (not shown) of air under a pressure such as -90 pounds per square inch. A branch pipe 123 leads from pipe 360 to the inlet end of a four-way solenoid valve 1118, which is more fully described in the above-mentioned Brumbaugh application. Valve 1=1=3 governs the inlet and l l exhaust of airy under pressure to the upper and lower ports, respectively, of air cylinder 94 which controls the positioning of stop 8,7 in the .section 26 of the apparatus shown.

Otherbr-anch pipes lead from mia-in pipe 360 to the heads of tolder cylinder 2215 ,fand the heads of the cylinders 196 and 202 which adjust the carriage 180 of the second section of the apparatus vertically. Cylinders 225, 1%, and 2M, and the heads 362, 364, and 365 thereof, respectively, .are vof similar construction, except that the length and diameter of cylinder 2.25 are somewhat less than those of cylinders 1% and 202. IEach of cylinders 225, 196, and 262, .in the embodiment shown, is of the type sold under thename Bellows Super Speed Air Motor sold by the Bellows Company, Akron, Ohio. Each of the heads .352, 3614, Yand 365 of such air motors includes built-'in valve and solenoids, sold under the name Bellows Electr-claire Valve, likewise sold by the Bellows Company. Such valve is powered by the operating air line pressure, the pressure being electrically controlled by two small solenoids which are sealed into the end caps of the motor. Such solenoids, which are schematically indicated in FIGS. 13a, 13b, are each power-ed by three wires which are indicated in FIG. 12 and shown more fully in FIGS. 13a and 13b. The solenoids are under the control of low voltage circuits, to be described hercinafter; energization lof one solenoid causes the piston of the motor to travel in one direction, and energization of the other .solenoid causes the piston to travel -in the f other direction. It -will be seen that the solenoids in head '362 of air moto-r 22S are selectively operated lirst to cause the piston to rise, thereby causing bending arm 221 to swing downwardly, following which the piston of moto-r Z215 descends, thereby retracting flap-folding arm 221 into its initial, raised position.

Motors 196 `and 262 are of the same size and have the solenoids in the operating heads 364 and 365 thereof, respectively, connected in parallel to operate simultaneously in the same direction. When the carriage 180 is Vto be lowered, such solenoids ar-e `opera-ted to admit air tinto the upper ends of motors 196 `and 202, and to exhaust air from the lower ends thereof. When carriage 180 is to be raised the solenoids in the heads of the motors are operated to exhaust air from the upper ends of the motors and to introduced air under pressure into the lower ends of the motors.

The compressed air supplied by pipe 36@ also serves fas the source of power to control the carriage adjusting checking motors @lli and 2111, which function to hold the carriage in the position to which it has been moved by motors 196 andy 292. Motors 216 and 2111` in the embodiment shown are of the type known as Bellows Hydro-Checks, made by the Bellows Company.v The particular type of Hydro-Ghecks employed is that known .as Model DOST-50, which is provided with stop check controls which perm-it the stopping of the piston thereof at any point in its piston travel, holding it in its stopped position as long as desired, and then permitting it to continue. ignated 366 in the Vcase of motor 210', which leads oil from one end of the main vmotor cylinder to the other. Interposed in such pipe is a iluid operated valve shown at 367 which, when close-d, locks the piston Iof the cylinder in place, and, when open, 4allows the piston to move as required. Check motor 211 is similarly provided with a by-pass pipe 366 and an 'air' operated valve 367. Valves 367 land 367 are under the control of three-way Isolenoid operated valves 369 and 369' which are supplied with `air under pressure from pipe 368 through branch pipes 370 and 37e', respectively. The solenoids of valves 369 and 369' are connected inparallel and when energized allow air under pressure from supply pipes 370 and 370' tto escape to the atmosphere :as indicated yat E, valves 367 and 367 then being relieved of pressure and allowing oil to circulate through by-pass pipes 366 and 366. When Each such device includes a pipe, des- Y `pipe 3711 is connected to the upper ends of the glue tanks .through suitable pressure regulators at the top of each glue tank. Glue feeding pipes 3715 and 376 lead to the upper and lower applicators. As We have seen, the glue applicators themselves incorporate a series of valves, which open only when connected by a flap to be coated. The glue applicators are `supplied with glue under pressure at the proper time through solenoid operated valves 354 .and 355 for the lower and upper glue applicators 234 and '235, respectively.

As we have seen above, each of the glue applicators is applied to a flap travelling therepast by meansof a toggle-like linkage which is powered by a pneumatic motor. Such motors, which .are shown in BIG. l2 at 377 'and 379, `are energized to press the glue applicator strongly against the flap when the tlap has reached a position confronting them. The rear and forward ends of motors 377 land 379 are connected in parallel by pipes 38%) and 399, respectively, which, in turn, are connected to the opposite end of a four-way solenoid valve 382 which is biased so that when dcr-energized `it directs a fluid under pressure to the forward ends of motors 377 and 379, so as to pull the glue applicators away from the flaps. Valve 332 is under the control of a limit switch 434, toy be described more particularly in'connection with FIGS.' 13a and 13b. Switch 434 functions to energize the coil of valve 382, thereby to direct duid under` pressure to the rear ends of cylinders 377 and 379 so as to press the glue applicators against the iiap as the flap enters the glue applicator zone. After the container 10 has pas-sed switch 434, ythe coil of valve 3S?. is deenergized, whereby to pull the glue applicators away from the ap as the ilap leaves the glue applicator zone.

T he electrical control circuit for Zhe ji'sf section, FIGS. 13a and 13b The electrical control circuit for the first section or unit of the apparatus is shown in FIGS. 13a and 13b, such iigures when placed together along the dot-dash lines thereon depicting the entire control circuit. The circuit is supplied with three-phase alternating current ythrough main lead wires L1, L2, and L3. The current source may be, for example, one of 440 volts potential. Motor 149 for the conveyor chains 136 of the lirst section is supplied from the main circuit through a magnetic starter switch 466, as shown. Motor 116 for conveyor Z7 is likewise fed lfrom such main circuit there .being a separate magnetic starter switch 4M for motor Md. The control elements for carriage adjusting motors 196 and ZtlZ, for carriage checking motors 21d and 211,'for the upper trailing ilapfolding means, and for the glue applicators, are fed through lower voltage circuits. In the circuit shown there 1s a transformer 402 having its primary connected between main leads L1 and L3' and its 110 vvolt secondary connected to the control circuits. Motor 149 may be placed under the control of manual switch lllSwhich permits it to be started, stopped, and reversed as desired. Normally, however, motor 149 continues to run once it has been enerigized by the closing of limit switch 491 which is tripped by the passage of the carton 1?. The relative position in the rst section of each of the limit switches incorporated in the control circuit is indicated in FIGS. -13a and 13b where they are shown located with reference to a rear column 12S and a forward column 127 of the apparatus.

The control circuit includes indivdual controlsub-cirtrailing flap-folding mechanism, and for the glue applicaaisaeso tors. -Each of the rst three of said four sub-circuits includes a transformer and an energy storing and discharging circuit. The last sub-circuit is fed by the same transformer which feeds the flap-foldingcontrolling circuit, and merely includes its own energy storing and discharging circuit. The transformers are shown at 410, 412, and 415, respectively. The four energy storingand discharging circuit devices are shown at 411, 414, 416, and 417, respectively. .Preferably such circuit devices are of the type known as the Bellows Pulsa-Pak, sold by the Bellows Co., Akron, Ohio. The transformers are made by the same company and are designed for use in conjunction with the Pulsa-Faks. Each Pulsa-Pak includes a current rectifying device which feeds its output into a storage condenser. When the control circuit is closed, the Pulsa- Pak releases its stored energy or charge so as instantly to energize a coil of a relay such as that of a solenoid, in this instance of the above-described Bellows ElectroAire Valves employed in the air motors 196 and 262 and the solenoids employed to control the Hydro-Check 21() and 2111.

The scanning station 29 of the apparatus is designed to adjust the carriage 180 to the appropriate one of three heights, to treat containers having any one of three predetermined heights. The number of height adjustments may be greater or less than the three illustrated. The scanning station includes two photoelectric cells and associated relays 177 and 178, and three normally open limit switches 425, 426, and 427. Limit switches 425 and 426 are connected in series with the respective relays of photoelectric cells 177 and 178, such series connected relays and switches being connected in parallel with switch 427. The common lead wires from switches 425, 426, and 427 is connected to the coil of relay 419. The photoelectric cells and the three switches 425, 426, and 427 function automatically to detect the height of the container which is then entering the apparatus, and adjusts the carriage 180 to the appropriate height to fold, glue,v and hold down the top aps of the container then being treated.

The limit switches 425 and 426 are mounted on fixed column 125 and. switch 427 is mounted on column 127. A tripper rod 4211 is secured to the carriage 180 at the entering end thereof in position to cooperate with switches 425 and 426, and a tripper rod 422 is secured to carriage 180 at the exit end thereof in position to cooperate with switch 427. As above mentioned, limit switches 425, 426, and 427 are normally open. `Suitably adjusted vertically short dogs are positioned on rod 421 so as to close the switches 425 andl 426 during short portions of the vertical movement of carriage 131B as the dogs engage the arms of the respective switches 425 and 426, the switch opening after the dog has passed by it. The interruption of the beam of light to the lower photoelectric cell 177 closes the circuit through the relay of such cell. The interruption of the beam of light to the upper photoelectric cell 178 closes the circuit through the relay associated with the upper cell. The switch 427 normally remains open, and is closed by a dog on tripper rod 422 only when carriage 180 has reached a lower level appropriate for treating the shortest container of the three heigths of containers which the apparatus is adapted to treat. It is to be understood that, with a suitable increase inthe number of photoelectric cells and limit switches, the apparatus may be made to treat and to discriminate between a large number of different heights of containers.

The carriage 180 is automatically operated so that after passage of each lled container through the apparatus, the carriage is automatically elevated to its uppermost position where it is held until a new container enters the apparatus. Such elevation of the carriage is accomplished, in a manner to be described, by unlocking the check motors 210 and 211 and by energizing the air motors |196 and 202 to` raise carriage 180 until it is stopped by the opening of a normally closed limit switch 424. This opens. the contacts of relay 419 to de-energize motors 196 and 202 and to lock motors 210 and 211 in place.

i The apparatus automatically adjusts carriage to an elevated position, an intermediate position, or a lowermost position, depending upon the height of the container entering the apparatus. If the carton entering the apparatus should be the tallest of the three which the apparatus is designed to treat, upon the closing of limit switch 420 the carriage 180 starts its downward travel. Such travel continues until switch 425 is closed by its dog on tripper rod 421 the beamof light to photoelectric cell 178 having been interrupted by the upper side flaps of the container. The circuit to relay 419 is thus closed (through the relay of photoelectric cell 178 and switch 425), motors 196 and 202 are de-energized, and check motors 210` and 211 are locked.

If the carton entering the apparatus is of the intermediate height, the carriage 180 upon descending from its uppermost position continues through the position to which limit switch 425 is closed, since the beam of light to photoelectric cell 178 rema-ins uninterrupted by the upstanding flaps on the carton, and thus the relay associated with such cell remains open. When the carriage reaches the position to which the respective dog on tripper rod 421 closes switch 426, the beam of light to photoelectric cell 177, having beeninterrupted by the upper flaps on the container, the energizing circuit to relay 419 will be completed through the relay of photoelectric cell 177 and limit switch 426.

If the container entering the apparatus has the shortest of the three heights, the carriage 180 will descend through the positions at which switches 426 and 425 are momentarily closed, since in neither of such positions is the relay of the corresponding photoelectric cell closed by interruption of the beamv of light to the cell. Carriage 160, in this instance, therefore continues its downward travel until the dog on tripper rod 422 closes limit switch 427, which will have been pos-itioned on its supporting column at the appropriate height for treating such shortest container of the three.

Manner of operation of the control circuit It will be assumed that a carton 10 is entering the first section along the conveyor 27. In its travel the carton trips a limit switch 400 which operates the magnetic starter 404 of motor 116, so as to start the motor and to forward the carton into the first section of the apparatus. Upon such further travel, the carton trips a limit switch 420 which allows the electrical energy which has been stored in the Pulsa-Pak 411 to actuate the valves on top of the motors 196 and 202 to the lowering position. The position in which the carriage stops is controlled by the above-described photoelectric cells 177 and 178 and the limit switches 425, 426, and 427. The relay 419 is then held closed in a holding circuit. When such relay is thus energized, it opens the circuit to the solenoid valves controlling check motors 210 and 211. The flow of oil in the check motors is then stopped so that the carriage 180 is held in equilibrium at the desired level.

As the container 10 continues its travel through the first section of the apparatus, limit switch 401 is actuated, thus energizing motor 149 which drives the conveying chains 136. Plugging switch 153 will previously have stopped conveyor chains 136 in the proper position to receive the carton. The lugs 137 on such chains contact the carton and continue to move it forward through the first section of the apparatus. In this continued forward movement the container actuates limit switch 429 which allows the electrical energy which has been stored in the capacitor of Pulsa-Pak 414 to actuate the valve on top of the hap-folding cylinder 225, which in turn actuates the flapfolding arm 221 which folds the top trailing ap 22. At the same time that iiap 22 is being folded, the upper leading ap 21 is folded inwardly by the forward advance of the container. ln the advance of the container, the feed chain conveying lug 137' actuates another limit switch 430, which allows the electrical energy which has been stored in the capacitor part of Pulsa-Pak 414 again to actuate .in the further forward travel of the latter.

Aagainst-the iiap. This glue gun or applicator-applying pressure is applied through air cylinders 377 and 379 and Vlinkage which has been described above, the air cylinders being actuated through valve 382 in the reverse direction upon contact between a limit switch 434 and the container Both limit switches 431 and 434 are mounted along the central tongue or-skid 155 (FIG. 3). i During all this operation the container is propelled by the chain lugs 137.

After the glue has been applied to the aps, the container continues to the plows 232 and 234 which fold the top and bottom outer flaps, respectively, by the forward motion of the container. After the other iiaps are folded, the container is delivered to the second-station, which is the compression unit 35.

As the feed chain completes itsv cycle of delivering the i container to the compression unit, it actuates three limit switches 435, 436, and 437. These three limit switches respectively stop motor 116 of conveyor 27, return carriage 180 -to its extreme height position, and stop the feed chains 136. Limit switches 435 and 436 are actuated by the passage of the container thereby. Limit switch 437 is actuated by the feeder lug arm 137 of chain conveyor the carriage cylinders 196 and 202 to the raise position, thus allowing the carriage 180 to return to its starting position. When carriage 180 returns to its initial, raised position, limit switch 424 is actuated which de-energizes relay 419, thus re-setting it to normal. It should be pointed out that limit switch 437 could also be placed along the chain conveyor 136 at any position following limit switch 401 rather than in the position shown. The position shown is considered to be its optimum'placement.

The second or presser section Section 35 is made up of one or more sub-sections having a horizontal table-like frame supported on a pair of opposed rear sub-columns 264 and front sub-columns 265. Such sub-columns are tied together by longitudinally eX- tending frame members 266.-` The `thus described frame supports alongitudinal conveyor made up of longitudinal members 267 which journal the opposite ends of `a plurality of transverse conveyor rolls 269; As shown, the

When limit switch 436 is actuated, it allows the electrical energy which has been stored` in the capacitor part of Pulsa-Pa 414 to actuate the valves on top of conveyor of section 35 is disposed in alignment with the conveyor of the first section of the apparatus. In FIG. 2b only one full sub-section and a fragment of a succeeding sub-section are shown. It will be understood that any desired number of aligned presser sub-sections may be employed, depending upon the length of time which it requires for the top flap securing adhesive or glue stably to secure the flaps.

The conveyor rolls 269 may be idle, if desired. In -the apparatus shown, however, rolls 269 are connected to rotate in unison and are power driven by a geared electric motor 407 by a chain 403 (FIG. 2b) entraned over a sprocket on the output shaft of motor 407 and. a sprocket on one of the interconnected conveyor rolls 269.

- Motor 407 is fed from main lines L1, L2, L3, and is under l tiupper Vhorizontal longitudinal framel members 272 and by rear and forward horizontal cross framemexnbers 274 and 276. Y Y i Vertically adjustably supported within the thus described upper frame is a horizontally disposed longitudinally extended frame 275 which is composed of parallel longitudinal members 276 and cross frame .members 277. Frame -275 is vertically adjusted by means including a laterally centrally disposed rear screw member 279 and a nut in the form of a handwheel 280 cooperating therewith and a similar forward screw 281 cooperating with a handwheel-nut 282. The lower endof screws 279'and 281 are centrally secured to frame 275 at the rear and forward ends thereof, respectively. It will be seen that the turning of handwheels .281 and 282 in one direction serves to raise carriage 275, and that the turning Vof the handweels in the opposite direction -lowers the carriage. The far and near corners of frame 275 at both the rear and forward ends thereof are maintained level in generally the same manner as are the corners of the vertically adjustable carriage 180 of the second section of the apparatus. Thus each of columns 270Vhas a vertically disposed rack gear 284 aiiixed thereto, and the rear end of carriage 275 is provided with a cross shaft 286 carrying pinions 28,5 afxed to its opposite `ends and meshing with the respective rack. gears 284. The forwardY end of frame 275 is provided with a similar cross shaft 290 having pinions 289 affixed to its opposite ends and meshing with rack gears 237.

At the rear end of` section 35 at a zone 36 at which the closed carton is acted upon by the first ofthe upper flap presser members, they apparatus is provided with a carton squaring and erecting means generally designated 291. Means 291 includes two similar opposed horizontal channel members 294 which are supported from the respective longitudinal frame members 276 between longitudinally spaced vertical depending'hanger members292.k Each of members 294 journals on vertical axesa plurality ofshort circularcylindrical rollers 295, the inner edges of each set of which are longitudinally aligned toengage the opposite side panelsV of a filled carton as the carton travels therebetween. The weight of the article in the carton maintains the bottom of the carton flat upon the rollers 2629 of the conveyor. When .members 294 are suitably adjusted, they engage the sides of the carton in such mant ner as to cause them to lie true and square with respect to the base of .the carton and causes the upper glue-coated iiaps of the carton to shift, if necessary,to maintain such condition until the glue becomes set.

To provider for the suitable lateral adjustment of members 294, as well as to permit them a limited freedom of angular movement with respect to their lengths, members 294 are` supported .from the bottoms of hangers 292 on horizontal transverse screws 296 which have threaded engagement with the hangers and may be suitably rotated by handwheel 297. The manner of connection between the inner ends of screws 296 and each of members 294 will be more readily understood upon consideration of FIGS. 4 and 7. The assembly connecting screws 296 and members 294 each includes a block 300 aixed to the outer edge of member 294, the block having a bore 301 therein in which a reduced diameter pilot pin 302 on the forward end of screw 296 is slidably received. Outwardly of pilot pin 301 the screw 296 is provided with spaced opposed collars between which a short thrust sleeve 304 is journalled. Opposite sides of sleeve 304 are provided with oppositely extending pins 306 which extend through the outer ends of arms 305 of a yoke the control of a manually operated switch 409 (FIG. l

Rising above sub-columns 26.4 and 265, respectively, are parallel vertical rear and forward columns 270 and 271. lThe upper ends of columns 270 and 271 are connected by member 308 which is pivotally mounted on a vertical pivot pin 307 to a further block 309 which is aflixed to the outer edge of member 294.y The other, oppositely extending arm 310 of the yoke is provided with a roller 311 which is constantly urged against the outer surface of member 294 by a coil torsion spring 312 which urges arm 310 clockwise (FIG. 7). The described mounting as- 17 sembly 299 permits members 294 a limited freedom of motion toward and away from the center of the conveyor, whereby to align themselves with the sides of the carton, thereby to retain resilient' pressure upon the carton as it passes between opposite members 290. Such construction also gives the truing rolls a cushioned, shock-absorbing action as they are initially engaged by the container.

Frame 275 of section 35 carries aplurality of vertically yieldably mounted presser units 314 which ride upon the top of the closed cartons as the latter pass through section 35, whereby to press the glue coated upper fiaps of the carton downwardly into final position. Each presser unit 314 is journalled between the lower ends of a pair of laterally spaced supporting arms of links 315. Each of the links, which are arranged in laterally aligned pairs, is pivotally connected to the respective longitudinal frame member 276 by a pivot pin 316, as shown. Preferably the presser units 314 are maintained in a lower terminal position, when no carton is passing therebeneath, by spaced longitudinal stop members 317 which engage the lower ends of supporting arms 315. Stop members 317 are supported, as shown in FIG. 2b, by longitudinally spaced hanger members 319. In their lowermost terminal position, as well as in positions which they occupy while cooperating with cartons passing therebeneath, the links 31S are inclined downwardly and forwardly, so that the presser units engage the upper forward edge of a carton without appreciable shock and are progressively raised in the travel of the carton.

A preferred embodiment of presser unit 3M is indicated in FIG. 2b and is particularly shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. In such embodiment the lower ends of opposed links 315 are connected to a cross shaft 320 as by being pinned thereto as indicated at 321. Inwardly of each link 315 a circular end disc member 322 is journalled on shaft 320 by a bearing 325, the opposite members 322 being connected by a cross tube 324 which surrounds shaft 320. End members 322 are thus connected to rotate together about the shaft. Extending between end members 322 at equal radial distances from shaft 320 and spaced equally angularly about such shaft are a plurality of rollers 326 (four shown). Rollers 326 are connected to the respective end members 322 through the medium of stub shafts 329 and bearings 330, as shown in FIG. 6.

Entrained about the rollers 326 is a flexible belt 327 which may be made, for example, of duck webbing. Belt 327 is of such length that, as for example, should the belt, first contact a carton intermediate the length of one run therewith, as shown in FIG. 5, such run will be deiiected appreciably radially inwardly. As the carton continues its travel to the right in FIG. 5, presser unit 314 rotates as a whole, as required, about shaft 320, and belt 327 travels as required about the freely rotatable supporting rollers 326. The belt 327 thus functions smoothly to enter upon the top of the carton and to travel thereover with a kind of ironing action, dropping off the rear top edge of the carton in a smooth, gentle manner. Although the described presser members are preferably employed with the belt 327, such belt may, if desired, be omitted. In such case, the rollers 326 themselves engage and roll along the upper surface of the container. When one of the rollers 326 reaches the forward upper corner of the container, it rolls down the forward vertical surface thereof for some distance. The unit 314 rotates as a whole about its axis to allow smooth engagement between the unit 314 and a container both as the container initially engages the unit and as the container leaves the unit.

Although only one embodiment of the apparatus of the invention has been illustrated in the drawings and described in the foregoing specification, it is to be expressly understood that various changes, such as in the relative dimensions of the parts, the materials used and the like, may be made therein without departing from the spirit l and scope of the invention, as will now be apparent to those skilled in the art.

What is claimed is:

1. An apparatus for processing containers having upper flaps, comprising a conveyor for supporting the filled container, a carriage confronting the conveyor and adjustable between first and second terminal positions toward and away from the conveyor, respectively, to cooperate with containersrof different heights travelling therepast, upper flap treating mechanism on the carriage, means to adjust the carriage to and to maintain it at its first terminal position when there is no container passing through the apparatus, and means responsive to the entry of a container into the apparatus to control the carriage-adjusting means to adjust the carriage toward the conveyor to a position appropriate for the treating of the upper iiap of the container by the mechanism on the carriage and to maintain the carriage at such position. y

2. Apparatus as defined by claim l, comprising a control circuit for the carriage-adjusting means, and a limit switch in advance of the carriage disposed to be operated upon approach of a container to the carriage to initiate adjusting movement of the carriage.

3. Apparatus as defined by claim 2, comprising an elongated fixed frame past which the conveyorextends, the carriage is elongated and is supported on the frame for movement with respect thereto, and wherein the carriageadjusting means comprises a plurality of power means spaced along the frame and the carriage and connected thereto for simultaneous synchronous operation.

4. Apparatus as defined by claim 3, wherein the power means are fluid operated, and comprising means for mechanically synchronizing the' motion of the two ends and of the corners of the carriage.

5. Apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein the power means are fluid operated reciprocable motors, and comprising a plurality of carriage-checking devices spaced longitudinally of the carriage, and means for unlocking the carriage-checking devices upon e'nergizaton of the power means and locking the carriage-checking devices upon deenergization of the power means.

6. An apparatus for processing containers having upper flaps, comprising a generally horizontal conveyor for supporting the filled container, a carriage confronting the conveyor and adjustable vertically between an upper and a lower terminal position toward and away from the conveyor, respectively, to cooperate with containers of different heights travelling therepast, upper fiap treating mechanism on the carriage, means to adjust the carriage to and to maintain it at its upper terminal position when there is no container passing through the apparatus, and means responsive to the entry of a container into the apparatus to control the carriage-adjusting means to adjust the carriage downwardly to a position appropriate for the treating of the upper flap of the container by the mechanism on the carriage and to maintain the carriage at such position.

7. Apparatus as defined in claim 6, wherein the conveyor has a iirst driven section in advance of the carriage, a second idle section extending beneath the carriage, and driven means at the second section of the conveyor adapted to engage the rear of the container to impel it through the apparatus beneath the carriage.

8. Apparatus as defined in claim 7, wherein the driven means comprises a chain having a run extending parallel to the conveyor, at least one abutment on the chain which lies above the conveyor in position to engage the rear surface of the container along the second Section of the conveyor, means to drive the chain, and means to control the driving means so that the chain is stopped, after impelling a container through the apparatus, in immediate position to receive the next container presented to th second section of the conveyor. f

9. An apparatus for processing containers having upper aps, comprising a conveyor for supporting the filled te v r container, a carriage confronting the conveyor and adjustable toward and away from the conveyor-to cooperate with containers of different heights,ftravelling therepast, upper flap-treating mechanism on the carriage, and means to detect the height of a container entering between the conveyor and the carriage and to adjust the carriage to the proper position relative to the conveyor for the mechanism thereon to treat the upper ap of the container, said last named means comprising power means selectively to move the carriage toward and away from the conveyor between lirst outer and second innerterminal positions, re-

spectively, a control circuit, limit means in the controly circuit for stopping the carriage in its respective terminal positions, means in the control circuit for controlling the power means to drive the carriage to its outer terminal position after passage of a treated container from beneath the carriage, and means in the circuit for controlling the power means to drive the carriage towards its inner terminal position upon the approach of a container to be treated toward the carriage, a further limit means disposed to be operated by the carriage at a predetermined intermediate position thereof, a photoelectric cell generally parallel to the conveyor, a light source for said photo-electric cell, the photo-electric cell and the light source being so disposed that the light beam is interrupted by the upper end of a container of intermediate height as the container travels therepast on the conveyor, and a relay operated by the photo-electric cell and having control means in circuit with the further limit means in the control circuit so as to stop the travel of the carriage at such intermediate position of the carriage.

l0. An apparatus for processing containers having upper llaps, comprising a conveyor for supporting the lled container, a carriage confronting the conveyor and adjustable toward and away from the conveyor to cooperate with containers of different heights travelling therepast, upper flap-treating mechanism on the carriage, and means to detect the height of a container entering between the conveyor and the carriage and to adjust the carriage toV the proper position relative to the conveyor for the mechanism thereon to treat the upper ap of the container, said last named means comprising power means selectively to move the carriage toward and away from the conveyor between rst outer and second inner terminal positions, respectively, an electrical control circuit, limit switches in the control circuit for stopping the carriage in its respective terminal positions, means in the control circuit for controlling the power means to 'drive the carriage to t its outer terminal position after passage of a treated container from beneath the carriage, and means in the circuit f for controlling the powerV means to drive the carriage` towards its inner terminal position upon the approach of a container to be treated toward the carriage, a further limit switch disposed to be operated by the carriage at a predetermined intermediate position thereof, a photoi electric cell, a source of light directing a light beam at the photoelectric cell generally parallel to the conveyor, the photoelectric cell and the light source being so disposed that the light beam is interrupted by the upper-end or a container of intermediate height as the container travels therepast on the conveyor, and a relay operated by the photoelectric cell and having contacts in circuit with the further limit switch so as to stop the travel of the carriage at suchintermediate positio'nof the carriage.

l1. Apparatus as defined in claim l0, comprising` means selectively to lock the carriage at said terminal positions and in said intermediate position.

12. Apparatus as defined in claim 11, wherein the photo-electric cell andthe source of light are mounted on.

opposite sides of the carriage and the further limit switch isY operated by movement of the carriage so that further limit switch is operated to stop the carriage when the carriage reaches said intermediate position.

13. Apparatus as dened in claim 12 for treating containers ofA a plurality of different heights, comprising a plurality of photoelectric cells disposed in general alignment and spaced varying xedldistances from the face of the carriage confronting conveyor, a source of a light beam for each photoelectric cell, a plurality of relays operated by the respective photoelectric cells,.and a plurality of further limit switches, sub-circuits each having contacts of a respective relay and switch in series therein, said sub-circuits being connected in parallel in the control circuit of the apparatus.

14. An apparatus for processing containers having upper flaps, comprisingra generally horizontal conveyor for supporting the filled container, a carriage overlying the conveyor-and adjustable vertically toward and away from the conveyor to cooperate with containers of dilerent heights travelling therepast, upper flap-treating mechanism on the carriage, means to-,detect the height of a container on the conveyor entering beneath the carriage, and means to adjust the carriage to the proper position relative to the conveyor for the mechanism thereon to treat the upper flap ofthe container, said last named means comprising electrically controlled power means selectively to move the carriage vertically. in reverse directions between an upper terminal position and a lower terminal position and selectively to lock the carriage in its terminal positions and in at least one predetermined position intermediate the terminal positions, an electrical control circuit, limit switch means fin the control circuit for stopping the carriage in its respective terminal positions, means in .the control circuit for controlling the power means to raise the carriage to its upper terminal position after passage of a treated container from beneath the carriage, means in the circuit for controlling the power means to lower the carriage upon the approach of a container to be treated toward the carriage, a further limit switch disposed to be operated by the carriage at said predetermined intermediate position thereof, a photoelectric cell, a source of light directing a light beam at the photoelectric cell generally parallel to the conveyor, the photoelectric cell and the light source being so disposed that the light beam is interrupted by the upper end of a container of intermediate height as the ,container travels therepast on the conveyor, and a relay operated by the photoelectric cell andfhaving contacts in circuit-with the further limit switch so as to stop the downward travel of the carriage at the intermediatek position of the carriage.

l5. Apparatus as dened in claimt-14, wherein the photoelectric cell and the source of light are xedly mouted on opposite sides of the carriage, and the further limit switch is operated-by movement of the carriage so that the further limit switch is operated to stop t-he carriage when the carriage reaches said intermediate position.

16. Apparatus as dened in claim l5'for treating containers of a plurality of different heights, comprising a plurality of photoelectric cells disposed ingeneral alignment and spaced varying xed distances from the lower face of the carriage, a source of light beam for each photoelectric cell, a plurality of relaysoperated by the respective photoelectric cells, and a plurality of further limit switches, sub-circuits each having contacts of a respective relay and switch vin series therein, said Subcircuitsrbeing connected in parallel in the control circuit ofthe apparatus;

17. Apparatus as `defined in claim 16 adapted to treat containers of n different` heights, wherein there are employed n-l photoelectric cells, light'sources therefor, and sub-circuits each including a relay operated by its respective photoelectric cell and .a further limit switch, said limit switches being mounted at different predetermined heights so as to be sequentially operated when the carriage descends totheir respective level, and wherein the limit switch means comprises an upper limit switch for stopping the carriageY in its upper terminal Vposition and a lower limit switch for stopping the carriage -in its lower terminal position, means for operating the lowerterminal 

1. AN APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING CONTAINERS HAVING UPPER FLAPS, COMPRISING A CONVEYOR FOR SUPPORTING THE FILLED CONTAINER, A CARRIAGE CONFRONTING THE CONVEYOR AND ADJUSTABLE BETWEEN FIRST AND SECOND TERMINAL POSITIONS TOWARD AND AWAY FROM THE CONVEYOR, RESPECTIVELY, TO COOPERATE WITH CONTAINERS OF DIFFERENT HEIGHTS TRAVELLING THEREPAST, UPPER FLAP TREATING MECHANISM ON THE CARRIAGE, MEANS TO ADJUST THE CARRIAGE TO AND TO MAINTAIN IT AT ITS FIRST TERMINAL POSITION WHEN THERE IS NO CONTAINER PASSING THROUGH THE APPARATUS, AND MEANS RESPONSIVE TO THE ENTRY OF A CONTAINER INTO THE APPARATUS TO CONTROL THE CARRIAGE-ADJUSTING MEANS TO ADJUST THE CARRIER TOWARD THE CONVEYOR TO A POSITION APPROPRIATE FOR THE TREATING OF THE UPPER FLAP OF THE CONTAINER BY THE MECHANISM ON THE CARRIAGE AND TO MAINTAIN THE CARRIAGE AT SUCH PORTION. 